Introduction
- Steel rolling is one of the important methods of metal processing, which changes the shape and size of steel by plastic deformation. This article will introduce you to the basic principles of steel rolling, process flow and common rolling methods to help you better understand this field.
The basic principle of steel rolling
- Steel rolling is the process of applying pressure to steel by rolling mill to make it undergo plastic deformation. In this process, the cross-sectional area of the steel decreases and the length increases, thus achieving the desired shape and size. Pressure during rolling can come from two or more rolls that rotate at a certain speed and apply pressure to the steel. By controlling roll speed, pressure and rolling sequence, steel production of different specifications and properties can be achieved.
Rolling process
- Raw material preparation: First of all, it is necessary to select the appropriate steel as the raw material, and carry out preliminary treatment, such as cutting, heating, etc.
- Roughing: the preheated steel is sent to the roughing mill for preliminary deformation to reduce the thickness of the steel.
- Medium rolling: The steel after rough rolling enters the medium rolling mill to further reduce the thickness.
- Finishing rolling: Finally entering the finishing mill, the steel is fine processed to achieve the required size and shape.
- Cooling and sizing: After the rolling is completed, the steel needs to be cooled and cut according to the needs.
- Inspection and packaging: The quality of the finished steel is inspected and packaged after passing, so as to facilitate transportation and storage.
Common rolling methods
- Hot rolling: Hot rolling is the rolling of steel heated to a certain temperature (usually higher than its recrystallization temperature). This method is suitable for the production of various specifications of steel, and has the advantages of high production efficiency and low cost. But the surface quality of hot rolled steel is poor, the dimensional accuracy is low.
- Cold rolling: Cold rolling is the rolling of steel at room temperature. Cold-rolled steel has higher surface quality and dimensional accuracy, but the production cost is higher and the output is lower. Cold rolling is mainly used to produce high quality sheet and strip.
- Continuous casting and rolling: Continuous casting and rolling is a process that sends continuous casting billets directly to the mill for rolling. This method can reduce intermediate links and improve production efficiency and product quality. However, the quality of continuous casting billet has great influence on the final product, which needs to be strictly controlled.
- Rolled composite plate: Rolled composite plate is a plate formed by combining two or more different materials through the rolling process. This method can give full play to the performance advantages of various materials, and is widely used in construction, automobile, aerospace and other fields.
Summary
- Steel rolling is one of the important methods of metal processing, which changes the shape and size of steel by plastic deformation. The rolling process includes raw material preparation, rough rolling, middle rolling, finishing rolling, cooling and sizing, inspection, and packaging. The common rolling methods include hot rolling, cold rolling, continuous casting and continuous rolling, and rolling composite plates. Understanding the basic principle and process of steel rolling helps us to better grasp the knowledge in this field and lay a solid foundation for future work and research.
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