Classification by smelting method：
- Open hearth steel: including carbon steel and low alloy steel. According to the different lining materials are divided into acid and basic open-hearth steel two.
- Converter steel: including carbon steel and low alloy steel. According to the different oxygen blowing position, there are three kinds of bottom blowing, side blowing and oxygen top blowing converter steel.
- Electric furnace steel: mainly alloy steel. According to different types of electric furnace, it is divided into electric arc furnace steel, induction furnace steel, vacuum induction furnace steel and electroslag furnace steel.
- Boiling steel, killed steel and semi-killed steel: according to the degree of deoxidation and pouring system.
Chemical composition
- Carbon steel: an alloy of iron and carbon. In addition to iron and carbon, the data contains elements such as silicon, manganese, phosphorus and sulfur. According to carbon content can be divided into different for low carbon (C < 0.25%), carbon (C: 0.25% 0.60%) and high carbon steel (C > 0.60%) three categories. Steel with a carbon content of less than 0.04% is called industrial pure iron.
- Ordinary low-alloy steel: Add a small amount of alloying elements (such as silicon, calcium, titanium, niobium, boron and rare earth elements, etc., on the basis of low-carbon carbon steel, the total amount does not exceed 3%). And obtain better comprehensive properties of steel.
Classification by use
- Structural steel: According to different uses of construction steel and mechanical steel two categories. Construction steel is used to build boilers, ships, Bridges, factories and other buildings. Mechanical steel is used to make machines or mechanical parts.
- Tool steel: High and medium carbon steel used in the manufacture of various tools, including carbon tool steel, alloy tool steel and high-speed tool steel. Special steel: Special purpose steel with special physical and chemical properties, including stainless acid-resistant steel, heat-resistant steel, electric heating alloy and magnetic materials.
Heat treatment
- A process in which a metal material is heated, insulated and cooled in a solid state to change its structure and properties.
- Annealing: In this heat treatment process, we heat metal or alloy materials or parts to a phase or partial phase change temperature, hold them for a period of time, and then slowly cool them.
- Normalizing: In this heat treatment process, we heat the steel to a temperature above the complete phase change, hold it for a certain time, and then cool it in the air.
- Quenching: In the heat treatment process, we heat the steel to the phase change or partial phase change temperature, hold it for a period of time, and then cool it rapidly.
- Tempering: In the heat treatment process, we reheat the quenched steel to a certain temperature (below the phase change temperature), hold it for a period of time, and then cool it.
- We call the process of quenching steel followed by high-temperature tempering tempering treatment.
- Surface heat treatment: The heat treatment process of changing the surface structure or chemical composition of steel parts to improve their surface properties.
Types of steel
The foundry casts molten steel into billets, and then workers press the billets into steel.(steel products). People generally divide the many types of steel into four categories: type, plate, tube, and wire.
Section steel
- There are many types of section steel, which is a solid long steel with a certain cross-section shape and size. According to its different section shape and divided into simple and complex section two. The former includes round steel, square steel, flat steel, hexagonal steel and Angle steel; The latter includes rail, I-beam, channel steel, window frame steel and special-shaped steel. Small round steel with a diameter of 6.5-9.0mm.
1.Steel plate class
- It’s a flat steel with a large width to thickness ratio and surface area. There are three kinds of thin plate (thickness <4mm), medium plate (thickness 4-25mm) and thick plate (thickness >25mm) according to different thickness. Steel manufacturers categorize steel strips as part of the steel plate category.
2.Steel pipe
- It’s a long strip of steel with a hollow section.According to different section shapes, we can divide it into round tubes, square tubes, hexagonal tubes and various special steel tubes. According to different processing technology, We can divide them into two categories: seamless steel pipe and welded steel pipe.
3.Steel wire
- Steel wire is a cold processing product of wire. According to the shape of different round steel wire, flat steel wire and triangular steel wire. In addition to the direct use of steel wire, manufacturers also use steel wire to produce wire ropes, steel cables, and other products.
